Symbiosis
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Spotted Nutcracker
kuhnmi / CC BY 2.0

Bird·Corvidae

Spotted Nutcracker

Nucifraga caryocatactes

Habitat
Montane and boreal coniferous forest, especially Norway Spruce and Swiss Stone Pine stands
IUCN status
LCLeast Concern
Wingspan
~52 cm

Ecological relationships

Disperses seeds of

  • Norway Spruce
    Norway SprucePicea abies

    Caches enormous quantities of Norway Spruce seeds; primary long-distance disperser in montane and boreal-temperate forests.

Feeds on

  • Norway Spruce
    Norway SprucePicea abies

    Seeds of Norway Spruce form a major dietary component.

  • Scots Pine
    Scots PinePinus sylvestris

    Also extracts and caches Scots Pine seeds as supplementary food source.

Bird call

© Lucien Hueber / XC1107514 / https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Plumage

Spotted Nutcracker, plumage
(c) Hannes Oberreiter, some rights reserved (CC BY)