SymbiosisSymbiosis
Golden Oriole
Apatura1955 / CC0

Bird · Oriolidae

Golden Oriole

Oriolus oriolus

Bird call

© Walter Wallner / XC1151438 / https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Facts

Habitat
Tall deciduous woodland, riparian forest, orchards
IUCN status
LC (Least Concern)
Wingspan
~44 cm
Golden Oriole plumage
Plumage · (c) shadow_385, some rights reserved (CC BY)

Ecological relationships

Nests in

  • Black PoplarPopulus nigra

    Nests almost exclusively in tall riparian trees. Black Poplar along river corridors is the classic breeding habitat in France and southern Europe.

Feeds on

  • Pedunculate OakQuercus robur

    Forages on oak caterpillars (especially defoliating moth larvae) during the breeding season when insect demand is highest.

Symbiosis with

  • Oakmoss LichenEvernia prunastri

    Golden Oriole incorporates oakmoss lichen as key camouflage and structural material in its suspended nest.